‘’ޏ•i

“ú–{‘å—¤­ôŽj(1868-1945)-’†“ú—ðŽjŒ¤‹†’†S•¶ŒÉ

’¾—\ ’˜ ŽÐ‰ï‰ÈŠw•¶Œ£ 2005”N8ŒŽ
p768/32ŠJ/•½‘•
ISBN7-80190-629-2
–{‘ˆÈ“ú–{A’†‘“I‘æˆêŽèžƒˆÄŒ´ŽnŽ‘—¿ˆ×Žå—vˆË˜CŒ¤‹†–¾Ž¡ˆÛVˆÈŒã“ž1945”N8ŒŽí”s“Š~”VŠÔ“ú–{‘å—¤­ô“I§’èA”­“W‰‰•Ï“ž“O’ê”jŽY“I®˜¢—ð’öBlŽ@˜aŒfަ—¹“ú–{ŒR‘Žå‹`70‘½”N—ˆN—ª’†‘CÌ”eˆŸFA‘¾•½—m’n‹æ“I—ðŽj^‘ŠB
–Ú˜^
‘æˆêÍ –¾Ž¡ˆÛVäo“ú–{“I‘å—¤­ô
‘æˆêß –¾Ž¡­•{¬—§C“ú–{Ž‘–{Žå‹`‰»‰üŠv
‘æ“ñß §’èg–¾Ž¡Œ›–@hŠm—§‹ß‘ã“Vc§
‘æŽOß “ú–{ŒR‘Žå‹`“Iá¢[ren4]
‘æŽlß ŽRãp—L•ü’ñog—˜‰vã_˜_hC“ú–{‘å—¤­ôŒ`¬
‘æ“ñÍ –¾Ž¡‰Šú“I’†“úèŒn
‘æˆêß s’†“úCDð‹Kt“IâÓ’ù
‘æ“ñß •—Í“üN‘ä˜p
‘æŽOß “Û›ó—®‹…
‘æŽlß š¡ã…N—ª’©‘NC“ú–{‰ÁŒ€äo’†‘›”—§
‘æŒÜß é—gg´‘ˆÐ˜e˜_hC“ú–{‘å—Ͱ[ŒR”õ
‘æŽOÍ ’†“úbŒßD‘ˆ|ˆÈN—ª’†‘਑嗤­ô“IŽå—vD—ª–Ú•W
‘æˆêß —¤‰œ@Œõ“IgŠJDŠOŒðh
‘æ“ñß bŒßD‘ˆ“Ii’öäoN‰ØD—ª“I‰‰Ì
‘æŽOß ”nèð–ñ“IâÓ’ù
‘æŽlß ŽO‘Š±ÂŠÒ—ÉC“ú–{Nè‘ä˜p
‘æŒÜß bŒßD@‰““Œ“I­Ž¡Ši‹Ç
‘æŽlÍ “ú‰âD‘ˆC“ú–{Œü“ìŸÞN—ª°’£
‘æˆêß ’ÁšØ‹`˜aš£‰^“®C“ú–{g–kŽç“ìih•ûj“IoâÄ
‘æ“ñß “ú‰âD‘ˆC“ú–{’DŽæ“ìŸÞ—˜žÜ
‘æŽOß ’†“ús“ŒŽOÈŽ–‹Xð–ñt
‘æŽlß “ú‰âD@“ú–{“IgŸÞFãSšzh
‘æŒÜÍ hˆåŠv–½ŽžŠú’†“úŠOŒð
‘æˆêß hˆåŠv–½”šá¢@“ú–{“I›”‰Ø­ô
‘æ“ñß –¯‘‰Šú“ú–{ºŽægŸÞ–Öh“Iš¤–d
‘æŽOß Š±Â’†‘P¢‹¤˜a§
‘æŽlß ºŽægŸÞ–ÖŒÜèc˜Hh˜HžÜC³”F–k‹ž­•{
‘æ˜ZÍ ¢ŠE‘åD”šá¢C“ú–{ŽŽš¤“ÆžP’†‘
‘æˆêß NèŽR“Œ
‘æ“ñß “ñ\ˆêð—v‹
‘æŽOß ‘åŒG“àŠt“|åÍ­ôäo‘æ“ñŽŸŸÞ–Ö“Æ—§‰^“®
‘æŽlß Ž›“à“àŠtN‰ØVŽè–@F¼Œ´ŽØŠ¼äo“ú’†ŒRŽ–‹¦’è
‘æŒÜß “ú–{gŸÞFãSšzh“Ii“W
‘æ˜Zß ”bêt˜a‰ïF›’“¿‘ÝŽR“Œ—˜žÜçz樓ú–{
‘æŽµÍ ‰Ø·“Ú‘ÌŒnŠm—§C‘å—¤­ô›‰sˆÈg‘Þhà¨i“Iô—ª
‘æˆêß D@‰p”üäo“ú–{݉ؓIVŠp’€
‘æ“ñß ‰Ø·“Ú‰ï‹cäo“ú–{‘ÞoŽR“Œ
‘æŽOß “ú–{‰Á‹­›”gŸÞ–Öh“I°’£
‘æ”ªÍ •¼Œ´ŠOŒðFg•sŠ±ÂŽå‹`hµ”v‰º“IN—ª˜aб—a
‘æˆêß ‘æ“ñŽŸ’¼•òD‘ˆ˜a“ú–{
‘æ“ñß ˆÈãSàZ°’£à¨Žå“I•ûj
‘æŽOß –k”°D‘ˆF˜¸gÃæVh“žŠ±—a
‘æŽlß gŽl.ˆê“ñh­Ì‘O•¼Œ´ŠO‘ŠgœÏÓ”½‹¤h
‘æ‹ãÍ ‘å—¤­ô“IVŠK’iF“c’†“àŠt“IgŸÞ–Ö•ª—£h­ô
‘æˆêß “Œ•û‰ï‹c
‘æ“ñß gŸÞ–Ö•ª—£h­ô“I‘æˆê•àFºŽægŸÞ–ÖVŒÜ˜Hh
‘æŽOß o•ºŽR“ŒäoàZ“ìŽSˆÄ
‘æŽlß cŒÆ“ÔŽ–Œ|蓌ŒRàyŽ€’£ìèÁ
‘æŒÜß Š±Â“ŒŽOÈgˆÕ›îh
‘æ\Í ‹ãˆê”ªŽ–Ì
‘æˆêß •—ÍN蓌–k­ô“IŒ`¬
‘æ“ñß ÝgŸÞ–ÖŠëŠ÷hŒ–𒆉Á‹ÙN‰ØD‘ˆ“Iy”õ
‘æŽOß è“ŒŒR“I—a–dF–öðŒÎày˜HŽ–Œ
‘æŽlß “úŒRN蓌ŽOÈ
‘æ\ˆêÍ §‘¢™EŸÞF‘
‘æˆêß ˆê“ñ”ªŽ–Ì
‘æ“ñß ™EŸÞF‘oâÄ
‘æŽOß ‘Û—ü–¿™|—‹ãˆê”ªŽ–̈Ä
‘æŽlß ’ÁšØ“Œ–kR“ú•‘•
‘æŒÜß Nè”M‰ÍÈ
‘æ\“ñÍ “üN‰Ø–k
‘æˆêß N—ª‰Ø–k‰Šú“I™_Žèô—ª
‘æ“ñß •NâÓs“„Ÿ˜‹¦’èt
‘æŽOß ‘P@ŒðÂäoè“àŠO’ÊŽÔ’Ê—X
‘æŽlß ˆÈg‰Ø–k•ª—£hਊjS“I›”‰Ø­ôoâÄ
‘æŒÜß “V‰Hº–¾
‘æ\ŽOÍ ô“®g‰Ø–k“ÁŽê‰»h
‘æˆêß •N’ù`“yA‰½”~‹¦’è
‘æ“ñß ›ö“cŽOŒ´‘¥
‘æŽOß g‰Ø–kީޡ‰^“®h
‘æŽlß §‘¢g–֌ÌR­•{h
‘æŒÜß ›”‰Ø–k“IãSàZ°’£
‘æ\ŽlÍ ‹ß‰q•¶?›”‘å—¤­ô“IV‘Fç×äog›”‰Ø|Œ‚˜_h«“ª
‘æˆêß ŒRŽ––@¼Žz‘̧“IŠm—§äo›ö“c“àŠt›”‰Ø­ô
‘æ“ñß g’²®‘Œðh’k”»
‘æŽOß ¼ˆÀŽ–Ìäog²“¡ŠOŒðh›”‰ØVô—ªšîÜ
‘æŽlß ‹ß‰qŽñ‘Š“Ig‘Û³‹`˜_häoŒR•”›”‰ØD‘ˆ“Iy”õ
‘æŒÜß ›”‰ØìDŒvŠc˜aè—̉ؖk•ûˆÄoâÄ
‘æ\ŒÜÍ á¸a‹´Ž–Ì|‘å—¤­ôŒ×“ü‘S–ÊN‰ØD‘ˆŠK’i
‘æˆêß á¸a‹´”È“_”RD‰Î
‘æ“ñß Ž{•úg•s°‘åhà|–‹Co•º‰Ø–k
‘æŽOß g‘D’ÃHìh
‘æŽlß D‘ˆ°‘剻FiUãŠCCNè‰Ø–k
‘æŒÜß “싞‘å“jŽE
‘æ˜Zß “©“¿™Ö’²’âäog•sˆÈÓ­žÜਛ”Žèh“I‹ß‰qº–¾
‘æŽµß à{§˜ø™S­žÜ
‘æ\˜ZÍ èœ“ü’·ŠúD‘ˆ“I“DàK
‘æˆêß ™BìD
‘æ“ñß ‹ß‰q“àŠt‰ü‘gäog‰FŠ_ŠOŒðh“I­Ž¡—U~
‘æŽOß ŒR•”“IgåJUàiHìh
‘æŽlß N蕊¿›öB
‘æŒÜß ‰Ø–kA‰Ø’†“G@Dê“IŠJç„C™_˜¢DêŒ`¬C“úŒR“D‘«[èœ
‘æ\ŽµÍ “ú–{„sˆÈg­Ž¡—U~h਎å“I›”‰Ø•ûj
‘æˆêß ŒR•”’²®N‰ØD—ª
‘æ“ñß —U~ŸŠ¸‰qCà{§™E’†‰›­žÜ
‘æŽOß ‰¢D”šá¢C‹ß‰q“àŠt™r’èg“ìihFŒšÝg‘哌˜±V’˜h
‘æŽlß —U~dŒcFg‹ËHìhg—–Hìh
‘æŒÜß gèA‰i–ÁHìhCgŸŠÓ‡—¬h“I–d—ªŽóÁ
‘æ˜Zß i“ü‘ŠŽŠK’i“I’†‘Dê
‘æ\”ªÍ ‘¾•½—mD‘ˆ|‘å—¤­ôç°Œüg‘哌˜±‹¤žÄšŸh
‘æˆêß “ìi
‘æ“ñß “ú”ü’k”»
‘æŽOß ˜÷P’¿Žì`C˜±F.‘¾•½—mD‘ˆ”šá¢
‘æŽlß ‘å—¤­ôVᢓWFgŒšÝ‘哌˜±‹¤žÄšŸh
‘æŒÜß ŠJ—…錾
‘æ\‹ãÍ “ú”üŠJD@“ú–{›”‰Ø­ô
‘æˆêß –dŠciUdŒc
‘æ“ñß gŽ¡ˆÀDhFᆋ¶g‘|“ hR“úª˜’n
‘æŽOß Šß˜Mg›”‰ØV­ôh“I­Ž¡éx‹Ç
‘æŽlß Šc’ègâ›”‘–hšŸhC›‰Ž{‘Œʑ嗤ìD
‘æ“ñ\Í “ú–{›”’†‘“ID‘ˆ–\s˜aB–¯“Ž¡
‘æˆêß ˜¸‘å“jŽEAgŽOŒõìDh“ž×‹ÛD
‘æ“ñß ›”“Œ–k“I–@¼ŽzB–¯“Ž¡
‘æŽOß ›”è“àè—Ì‹æ“I­Ž¡“z–ð˜aãSàZ—©’D
‘æŽlß ‘ä˜pÝ…[‰Î”M’†
‘æ“ñ\ˆêÍ “ú–{D”s“Š~C‘å—¤­ô“O’ê”jŽY
‘æˆêß “Œð‰pŠ÷‰º‘ä
‘æ“ñß ¬ˆé“àŠt‹y‘´gãx•kHìh
‘æŽOß ”s‹Ç›ß’èCDäo~“IP¢
‘æŽlß “ú–{ÙðŒ“Š~
Œ‹‘©Œê
Žå—vŽQl•¶Œ£
@‹L



Copyright (C) 2005 Frelax ShuChong All rights reserved.@‘’Ž