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gŠw’ÊŽj(㉺)
’ˆۺ ãŠCl–¯o”Å 2005”N9ŒŽ p814/16ŠJ/•½‘• ISBN7208057885 |
–{‘•`q—¹ŠeŽígŠw”á•]˜aŒ¤‹†Ž|Žï“I”“W—ð’öC݈꘢‘å“I•¶‰»”wŒiã“§Ž‹ŠeŽí”á•]Ž|Žï—^Œ¤‹†•û–@C•ÀÝ“`““IŠwp•£Œ¹—^’†¼•ûŠwpŽv’ª”‡ˆê¿•Wã•ß‘¨ŠeŽí”á•]Ž|Žï—^Œ¤‹†•û–@“I—ðŽjˆÊ’u˜aŠwp˜Á’lB |
–Ú˜^ | ||||
˜ | ‰©èÁ | |||
˜_ | ||||
ˆê | ˆÌ’˜sg˜O–²t | |||
“ñ | èûŠwggŠwh | |||
ŽO | –{‘“IŽjŠwŠÏ”O—^•`q—§ê | |||
iˆêj | ‰½ˆàg’ÊŽjh | |||
i“ñj | ‰ðŽßŠwŽ‹ŠE—^ŠwpŽj•`q | |||
iŽOj | gŠw“I—ðŽjŠK’i« | |||
‘æˆê•Ò | 1754|1901”N“IgŠw | |||
‘æˆêÍ | ŠTq | |||
‘æˆêß | ‘Šú“I—¼˜¢“ÇŽÒšŸ | |||
‘æ“ñß | ’ö–{Žž‘ã“IgŠw | |||
‘æŽOß | ŠÖ˜°ìŽÒ—^”Å–{“I‰•à‹Lq | |||
‘æŽlß | sg˜O–²t‰Âd—m | |||
‘æ“ñÍ | ˜Á’lŠÖ‰ù—^•¶Œ|Šw”á•] | |||
‘æˆêß | ‰Æ‘°ˆÓޝ—^g—â”M‹àjh | |||
‘æŽOß | gî’sŽå‘èh—^F‹óŠÏ”O | |||
‘æŽOß | ˆÛŒìŽò‰Æ³“—^”á”»“¹“¿‘Â—Ž | |||
‘æŽlß | •¶Œ|Šw”á•] | |||
ˆê | sg˜O–²t—^“`“•¶ÍŠw | |||
iˆêj | ¶–½‰»•¶ÍŠÏ | |||
i“ñj | ŠÈ–ñŒ´‘¥ | |||
iŽOj | –Ž–CŽ« | |||
iŽlj | •¶Šw—^ŽÊŽÀAŽjŠwŽÀ˜^‹y–Ž––@ | |||
“ñ | ‰eŽqà | |||
‘æŽOÍ | –{Ž–AìŽÒ˜a”Å–{“I‹LqlØ | |||
‘æˆêß | –{Ž–lØFõ‰BgŠw“I–G‰è | |||
ˆê | –{Ž–”á•]–ÍŽ®—^õ‰BgŠw | |||
“ñ | Žüt“Iõ‰B”ÍŽ® | |||
ŽO | ‘´‘¼“Iõ‰B | |||
‘æ“ñß | ŠÖ˜°ìŽÒ“I‹Lq | |||
ˆê | ŠÖ˜°‘‚á‹Ú“I‰Æ¢—^¶•½ | |||
iˆêj | ŠÖ˜°‘‚á‹Ú‰Æ¢ | |||
i“ñj | ŠÖ˜°‘‚á‹Ú“I¶•½ | |||
“ñ | sg˜O–²t“IìŽÒAŒ´ŽnìŽÒ˜aŽÊ’èŽÒ | |||
‘æŽOß | ŠÖ˜°”Å–{“I‹Lq—^Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ŠÖ˜°”Å–{—¬•Ï—^¬‘‰ß’ö | |||
“ñ | ‘±‘A‹ŒeA˜Ãe˜a‹Œ–{–â‘è | |||
‘æ“ñ•Ò | 1902|1949”N“IgŠw | |||
‘æˆêÍ | ŠTq | |||
‘æˆêß | •¶ŠwŠv–½—^Œ»‘ãgŠw | |||
‘æ“ñß | –{Ž–lØ“IV‘Ô¨ | |||
‘æŽOß | gVgŠwh“I’a¶—^gVgŠwh“I–{Ž¿ | |||
‘æŽlß | gŠwŽj˜a•¶‰»“`”d“I‰•àŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æŒÜß | ŠCŠOgŠw | |||
‘æ“ñÍ | gŠw“IV‹IŒ³ | |||
‘æˆêß | —ÀŒ[’´—^Œ÷—˜Žå‹`”á•] | |||
‘æ“ñß | ‰¤‘ˆÛ—^“NŠwA”üŠwè‘Žß | |||
‘æŽOÍ | õ‰BgŠw“I‘æˆê˜¢‚•ô | |||
‘æˆêß | õ‰BgŠw—^Ž¡Œ÷—˜Žå‹` | |||
‘æ“ñß | ‰¤–²è–A’¾•rˆÁ—^ä”|“Iõ‰B | |||
‘æŽOß | ‘´‘¼“Iõ‰BgŠw | |||
‘æŽlÍ | ŒÜŽlV•¶‰»‰^“®—^gŠw | |||
‘æˆêß | sg˜O–²t“IŽÐ‰ïŽ¡[dan4]Žß—^ŽÊŽÀŽå‹` | |||
ˆê | ŽÐ‰ïŽ¡è‘Žß | |||
“ñ | ]gŽÊŽÀhŽå‹`h“žgŒ»ŽÀŽå‹`h | |||
‘æ“ñß | ŒÓ“K—^gVgŠwh”hgVgŠwh | |||
ˆê | gVgŠwh“I–{Ž¿FŽÀØ—^ŽÀ˜^‡ˆê | |||
“ñ | gVgŠwh“I’mޝ•ˆŒn | |||
ŽO | gŽ©–“`h—^g‘‚AæÉŒÝØh | |||
Žl | ˆ×gŽÀ˜^hŠÏ”OŠm—§Šw—ˆË˜ | |||
‘æŽOß | ˜Dv¬àŽj”ÍŽ®’†“Isg˜O–²t | |||
‘æŒÜÍ | sg˜O–²t“I•¶Šw«Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ‰ñ‹A•¶Šw«—§ê | |||
‘æ“ñß | •¶Šw«Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | ”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‰e‹¿”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | Œ×•¶‰»”äŠr | |||
‘æ˜ZÍ | ìŽÒŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ‰Æ¢—^¶•½Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²t’˜ìŒ Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽµÍ | ”Å–{Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ´–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | —L³–{Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | bœú–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ŽO | M’C–{Œ¤‹† | |||
Žl | ›ß‰K–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ŒÜ | މŒ¥ÖŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æ“ñß | ˜Ãe—^g‹Œ–{hŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | –{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | –{“IŠî–{Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ŒãŽl\‰ñŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ìŽÒ | |||
i“ñj | ˜Á’l•]˜Á | |||
‘æŽlß | ¬‘Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽO•Ò | 1949|1978”N“IgŠw | |||
‘æˆêÍ | ŠTq | |||
‘æˆêß | ‘å—¤gŠw“IŽO˜¢ŠK’i | |||
ˆê | ”á™`‰^“®—^”ág‰^“® | |||
“ñ | ŽÀØŒ¤‹† | |||
ŽO | gŠwŽ‘—¿“I®—A•Ò‘I˜aЧˆó | |||
‘æ“ñß | Žü“ð¹FVgŠw“I›Ú•ô | |||
‘æŽOß | ŠCŠOgŠw“Iv–Ò”“W | |||
‘æ“ñÍ | ”á™`‰^“®˜a”ág‰^“® | |||
‘æˆêß | ™`•½”Œ“Isqg˜O–²rŠÈ˜_t | |||
‘æ“ñß | —›Šó–}A—•[ling2]“IŒ»ŽÀŽå‹`è‘Žß | |||
ˆê | “}«—§ê—^sg˜O–²t“IŒXŒü« | |||
“ñ | ¢ŠEŠÏ—^‘nì•û–@“I–µ‚ | |||
‘æŽOß | ŠK‹‰•ªÍ—^”_–¯àAŽs–¯à | |||
ˆê | Н•û’è˜_ | |||
“ñ | ˜_Ø–ÍŽ® | |||
‘æŽlß | •]g‰^“® | |||
‘æŒÜß | ‘Ί÷ŠBŽÐ‰ïŠw“I”á•] | |||
‘æŽOÍ | gŠwŽj”½Žv | |||
‘æˆêß | —›Šó–}A—•[ling2]“IgŠwŽj”á”» | |||
‘æ“ñß | ŠCŠO“IgŠwŽj”½Žv | |||
‘æŽOß | —]‰pŽž“IˆÓ‹`‹y‘´•‰–ʉe‹¿ | |||
ˆê | —]Ž“IgŠwŠÏ“_‹y‘´ˆÓ‹` | |||
“ñ | —]Ž“I˜_Øô—ª | |||
ŽO | Œë‰ð—^Œë“± | |||
‘æŽlÍ | ‘½ˆÛŽ‹–ì’†“IgŠw | |||
‘æˆêß | sg˜O–²t“IŒ|p•iŠÓ | |||
‘æ“ñß | Œ×•¶‰»–|–ó—^”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | “NŠwA@‹³A‹õŒ¾AS—•ªÍ“™ˆÛ“x“Iè‘Žß | |||
‘æŽlß | –Ž–ŠwŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æŒÜß | ŠCŠOõ‰BgŠw | |||
‘æŒÜÍ | ìŽÒŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ìŽÒ¶•½Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‘‚á‹Ú¶•½‹y¶‘²”NŒ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ‘ŠŠÖg•¶•¨hŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | g‘‚á‹Úh‰æ‘œ | |||
i“ñj | g‘‚á‹Úh˜Ã’˜—^ˆâ•¨ | |||
iŽOj | g‘‚á‹ÚhŒÌ‹ | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²t’˜ìŒ Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | ìŽÒ‰Æ¢Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‰Æ¢Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ‘‚Žà‰“‘cÐŒ¤‹†‹y‘´–Ó“_ | |||
iˆêj | g–Làh“IW‘嬎Ҏü“ð¹ | |||
i“ñj | g‘‚Žà‰“‘cЗɗzàh“IŽY¶ | |||
‘æ˜ZÍ | ”Å–{Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ”´–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | bœú–{Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ›ß‰K–{—^M’C–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ŽO | ŽOÊ–{—^–Ö•{–{Œ¤‹† | |||
Žl | ŽO•]–{—^g—§¼Œ¬hŒ¤‹† | |||
ŒÜ | b’C–{Œ¤‹† | |||
˜Z | —k‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
޵ | –õ‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
”ª | —ñ‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
‹ã | “A‘ –{—^˜®˜–{Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æ“ñß | ˜Ãe—^މŒ¥ÖŒ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ˜ÃeŒ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | މŒ¥Ö“™”áŽÒ“Ig•ªŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | –{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ’ö–{“I”ÅŽŸ‹y‘´ŠÖŒnŒ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ŒãŽl\‰ñŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ìŽÒ–â‘è | |||
i“ñj | ˜Á’l•]˜Á | |||
‘æŽlß | ¬‘‰ß’öŒ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‹Œe–â‘茤‹† | |||
“ñ | ”Å–{Œ¹—¬Œ¤‹†—^’£ˆ¤—æ“IˆÓ‹` | |||
iˆêj | ´ð—¬•Ï}“I’Tq | |||
i“ñj | ޝ¬™ž”÷—^’£ˆ¤—æ“IˆÓ‹` | |||
‘æŽl•Ò | 1978|2003”N“IgŠw | |||
‘æˆêÍ | ŠTq | |||
‘æˆêß | sg˜O–²tˆÓ‹`葎ߓI‘½Œ³‰»Žž‘ã | |||
‘æ“ñß | gŠw”½Žv | |||
‘æŽOß | gŠw“I•‹y‰»—^‘åO‰» | |||
‘æŽlß | VŽžŠú“IVõ‰B | |||
‘æŒÜß | lØgŠw“I“C·Žž‘ã | |||
ˆê | ‘‚Šw“I‹PàŠ—ð’ö—^gŠw“IábŒ`Ši‹Ç | |||
“ñ | ”Å–{Œ¤‹†“IŒš\—^‰ð\ | |||
ŽO | ’T˜ÃgŠw“IäY‹„lŒû—^Šî–{œ¡˜_ | |||
Žl | sg˜O–²t•¶Œ£Ž‘—¿“I®— | |||
‘æ˜Zß | ŠCŠOgŠw | |||
‘æŽµß | gŠw“IŠwp‘̧—^ŠwpŠˆ“® | |||
‘æ“ñÍ | V•û–@Žv’ª—^gŠw‘½Œ³‰» | |||
‘æˆêß | ŽÐ‰ïŽ¡‘FŽß“I—]”g | |||
‘æ“ñß | ŽÀæö“NŠw.V•û–@Žv’ª.gŠw‘½Œ³‰» | |||
‘æŽOÍ | sg˜O–²t“I•¶Œ|”üŠwè‘Žß | |||
‘æˆêß | •¶ŠwŠ´«—^sg˜O–²t葎ߓI”üŠw—§ê | |||
ˆê | Œ»ŽÀŽå‹`—^•¶ŠwŠ´« | |||
“ñ | Vl«ŠÏ—^sg˜O–²tR”ü”»’f | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²tR”üè‘Žß | |||
‘æŽlÍ | Œ»‘ãŽå‹`Žv’ª—^gŠw“I˜Á’l“]Š· | |||
‘æˆêß | Žå‘Ì«“NŠw—^sg˜O–²t“I˜Á’lè‘Žß | |||
‘æ“ñß | ‘½Œ³“IV•û–@ŽÀæö | |||
ˆê | S—”á•]—^_˜b”á•] | |||
“ñ | ”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ‰e‹¿”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
i“ñj | –|–ó—^Œ×•¶‰»”äŠrŒ¤‹† | |||
1A | –|–ó—^•¶‰»˜¢« | |||
2A | •¶‰»˜Á’lŒ`‘Ô”äŠr | |||
‘æŒÜÍ | g˜O•¶‰»Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | sg˜O–²t—^“`“¸_•¶‰»“IŠÖŒnŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²t“I§“x‘Ô•¶‰»Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽOß | sg˜O–²t“I•¨Ž¿‘Ô•¶‰»Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æ˜ZÍ | sg˜O–²t“I–Ž–ŠwŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | –Ž–Šw“IŠT”O˜—ñ | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²t“I–Ž–ŠwŒ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | sg˜O–²t–qº‰¹Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | sg˜O–²t–Ž–Œ‹\Œ¤‹† | |||
ŽO | sg˜O–²t–Ž–CŽ«Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æŽµÍ | ´‘ãsg˜O–²t”á•]“IŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | Ž¡—§ê“I”½Žv | |||
‘æ“ñß | Œ»ŽÀŽå‹`A”üŠw˜a–Ž–ŠwŽ‹Šp“Iž€— | |||
‘æŽOß | Œ`Ž®Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æ”ªÍ | õ‰BgŠw“IV”“W | |||
‘æˆêß | õ‰BgŠw—^‘‚Šw‡—¬ | |||
‘æ“ñß | õ‰BgŠw“IV’èˆÊ | |||
‘æŽOß | õ‰B“I•¶‰»Šw—^‘åOÁ” | |||
‘æ‹ãÍ | ŒãŒ»‘ãî‹«’†“Isg˜O–²t | |||
‘æ\Í | gŠw“IŠwpŽjŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ggŠwŽO\”Nh“I”½Žv | |||
‘æ“ñß | Žü“ð¹“IggŠwhŠE’è—^™`•½”Œ“I”½È | |||
ˆê | —]Žž‰p“IŒë“± | |||
“ñ | Žü“ð¹“IggŠwhŠE’è—^gVgŠwh“I‹É’v | |||
ŽO | ™`•½”Œ“IgŠw”½È | |||
Žl | ‘´‘¼“IgŠw”½Žv | |||
‘æŽOß | gŠwŽjê˜_ | |||
‘æŽlß | gŠw•ªŽx“IŠwpŽjŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æ\ˆêÍ | ìŽÒ–â‘茤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ìŽÒ¶•½Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‘‚á‹Ú¶‘²”NŒ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ¶•½—^‘ŠŠÖg•¶•¨hŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | g‘‚á‹Úh‰æ‘œ | |||
i“ñj | g‘‚á‹Úh˜Ã’˜˜aˆâ•¨ | |||
iŽOj | g‘‚á‹ÚhŒÌ‹ | |||
iŽlj | g‘‚á‹Úh•æÎ | |||
‘æ“ñß | sg˜O–²t’˜ìŒ —^Œ´ŽnìŽÒ–â‘è | |||
‘æŽOß | ‘‚Ž‰Æ¢Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ‰Æ¢Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | g‘‚Žà‰“‘cЖâ‘èh‘å˜_í | |||
iˆêj | g—É—zàh“Iv–Ò”“W‹y‘´“ï‘è | |||
i“ñj | g–Làh—^gV–Làh | |||
¬Œ‹ | ||||
‘æ\“ñÍ | ”Å–{Œ¤‹† | |||
‘æˆêß | ´–{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ”´–{“IŠî–{Œ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | bœú–{g–}—áhŒ¤‹† | |||
i“ñj | ›ß‰K–{—^M’C–{Œ¤‹† | |||
iŽOj | ŽOÊ–{—^–Ö•{–{Œ¤‹† | |||
1A | ŽOÊ–{—^–Ö•{–{ŠÖŒnŒ¤‹† | |||
2A | g—§¼Œ¬–{hŒ¤‹† | |||
iŽlj | b’C–{Œ¤‹† | |||
iŒÜj | —k‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
i˜Zj | –õ‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
i޵j | —ñ‘ –{Œ¤‹† | |||
i”ªj | “A‘ –{—^˜®˜–{Œ¤‹† | |||
i‹ãj | –kŽt‘å–{Œ¤‹† | |||
“ñ | ¬‘‰ß’öŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ‹Œe–â‘è | |||
i“ñj | ´ð—¬•Ï}—^™ž”÷ޝ¬ | |||
ŽO | ˜ÃeŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ˜ÃeŒ¤‹†ŠT‹µ | |||
i“ñj | g’T˜ÃŠwh‰‰ãˆŠ÷§“I’€•àŒš—§ | |||
1A | ‰fŽËŠ÷§—^Œ‹\˜_ | |||
2A | ‰fŽËŠ÷§—^Í–@—˜_|’†‘l“I–Ž–Šw | |||
iŽOj | ˜ÃeŒ¤‹†“I™{‘å–â‘è | |||
1A | ‘S‘‘‰ñ” | |||
2A | Žå—vl•¨Œ‹‹Ç˜aæÉ•{–½‰^ | |||
3A | îžÔ | |||
4A | ‘´‘¼l•¨Œ‹‹ÇŒ¤‹† | |||
Žl | މŒ¥Ö“™l“Ig•ªŒ¤‹† | |||
‘æ“ñß | –{Œ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | ŠÖ˜°’ö–{”ÅŽŸ“I“¢˜_ | |||
“ñ | ŒãŽl\‰ñŒ¤‹† | |||
iˆêj | ìŽÒ | |||
i“ñj | ˜Á’l•]˜Á | |||
‘æŽOß | މA’öŠÖŒnŒ¤‹† | |||
ˆê | —›’m‘´•]މA’ö—¼Œn | |||
“ñ | ˆ¶î“IsމŒ¥ÖŒ¾sŽ¿‹^t | |||
ŽO | ‰¢—zŒ’™ž‹U˜^ | |||
iˆêj | މ–{”V‹U | |||
i“ñj | މŒ¥Ö—^މ”á”V‹U | |||
iŽOj | ‘ŠŠÖÞ—¿”V‹U | |||
iŽlj | ‘´‘¼Œ¤‹†ŽÒ“I”½‰ž | |||
Œ‹Œê | ||||
Œã‹L |